The Stoics believed in practicing “ataraxia.”

The concept of "nafs" refers to the soul, or the essence, of a human being. Depending on its state, it can take on different descriptions. These can include:

• The Satisfied Soul: This is when the nafs has achieved calmness and is able to resist the temptations of passio...

• Individuals should cultivate a sense of detachment from external events and focus instead on their own inner state on oachieve a greater sense of peace and equanimity.

• Our emotions and reactions should not be dictated by external events but rather by our own rational judgments.

• ...

Stress is a state of mental tension or emotional strain due to adverse or demanding circumstances, events, and situations.

Stress is hard to measure and someone may be suffering from it while showing no external signs.